A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan (2024)

Create a unique-to-you, start-to-finish plan for all your money goals with tools and resources to help you succeed.

A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan (1)
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When it comes to life's biggest moments, you probably had a plan. Your wedding, for example, followed a timeline, a budget—even if you busted it with that last-minute table for extended family—and involved compromise and conversation. Smart financial planning follows the same logic.

Our how-to articles (linked below) can help. They take you step-by-step through what you need to know to create a personal financial plan and help get your money in order. From the groceries you need, to the retirement you want, and the car repair bill that’s looming, these ideas help you balance long-term dreams with short-term wants, plus those unexpected events that happen along the way.

In nine steps, you have a nice framework you can build on and adjust throughout your life.

It’s OK if you’ve started on some of these tasks. It’s also OK if you haven’t. Just start with one and keep going. (Or tackle the whole thing on a long, rainy weekend with a big pot of coffee and the dog at your feet.)

Let’s get started.

1. Set financial goals.

It’s good to have a clear idea of why you’re saving your hard-earned money. Think it through with a five-step guide to setting yearly financial goals (worksheet included).

2. Make a budget.

Instead of thinking of a budget as way to restrict your spending, use it as a tool to organize your monthly cash flow to help you pay yourself first (savings/investing)—and still have room for the fun stuff. Learn how to create a budget that works for you—not against you. (Downloadable budgeting sheet included.)

3. Plan for taxes.

It can go a long way toward helping you keep more of your money. Explore ways to save on your taxes next year, using our tax planning worksheet to think through potential income tax credits and deductions.

4. Build an emergency fund.

All the planning in the world won’t help if life throws you a curveball and you’re not prepared financially. That’s where emergency savings comes in handy. Our guide to building an emergency fund includes to a calculator to help you figure out how much you need to save and teaches you how to maintain it over time.

5. Manage debt.

Understanding and managing debt is a key part of creating a financial plan. Learn how to pay off the debt you owe now and build a long-term debt-management strategy (worksheet and calculator included).

6. Protect with insurance.

Life can change in an instant. People with a good financial plan hope for the best, but plan for the unexpected. Insurance helps with that. Learn the basics of life and disability insurance (and use our disability income calculator to assess your needs).

7. Plan for retirement.

Even if it’s a long way off, think about what you want your money to do for you when you retire, and create a retirement plan to help make it happen.

8. Invest beyond your 401(k).

To reach your mid- and long-term goals, take your savings strategy and put an engine behind it. That’s what investing can do. Get started in three steps.

9. Create an estate plan.

You don’t have to be wealthy, old, married, or a parent to need an estate plan, which also lays out who makes financial and health care decisions for you if you can’t make them yourself. Learn the basics of estate planning and options for creating one.

Finished? Here’s when to review your financial plan.

Take a fresh look at least once a year or after a big life change, such as:

  • Significant change in income
  • Job change
  • Change in family dynamics like having a baby or adopting, getting married, divorced, or losing a spouse/partner
  • Selling or buying a home
  • Inheritance
  • Unexpected debt
  • Change in financial goals

Tip: Around age 50, you may want to consider long-term care insurance and expand your financial plan to include income in retirement.

What’s next?

Log in to your Principal account to see how you’re doing. Don’t have an employer-sponsored retirement account or want to save even more in addition to a 401(k)? We can help you set up your own IRA or Roth IRA. Ready to continue building your financial foundation?

Financial planning

A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan (2024)

FAQs

A step-by-step guide to build a personal financial plan? ›

The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings.

What are the steps in the process of personal financial planning? ›

Financial Planning Process
  • 1) Identify your Financial Situation. ...
  • 2) Determine Financial Goals. ...
  • 3) Identify Alternatives for Investment. ...
  • 4) Evaluate Alternatives. ...
  • 5) Put Together a Financial Plan and Implement. ...
  • 6) Review, Re-evaluate and Monitor The Plan.

What are the 5 steps of creating a financial plan? ›

Plan your financial future in 5 steps
  • Step 1: Assess your financial foothold. ...
  • Step 2: Define your financial goals. ...
  • Step 3: Research financial strategies. ...
  • Step 4: Put your financial plan into action. ...
  • Step 5: Monitor and evolve your financial plan.

What are the 7 steps components of your financial plan? ›

7 Key Steps of the Financial Planning Process
  • Define your short- and long-term goals. ...
  • Audit your current income, savings, and long-term savings and investing plan. ...
  • Address shortfalls/adjust goals. ...
  • Account for multiple future scenarios. ...
  • Develop a comprehensive financial plan. ...
  • Implement and monitor that plan.
Jun 27, 2023

What is the 50 30 20 rule? ›

The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings.

What is personal financial planning example? ›

Some common goals include paying off credit card debt or student loan debt, saving for an emergency fund, saving for a downpayment for housing, and building a stock investment portfolio. In this step, one may consider future changes to their personal situations that will affect their financial outlook.

What are the 5 stages of personal finance? ›

Life cycle financial planning can be separated into five stages: teenage years (13-17 years old), young adulthood (18-25 years old), starting a family (26-45 years old), planning to retire (45-64 years old), and successful retirement (65 years old and above.)

What is the basic of personal financial planning? ›

It involves managing money, budgeting expenses, creating a personal balance sheet, investing surplus cash wisely, constructing an investment portfolio, planning for retirement, managing debt, getting insurance, estate planning, and tax planning.

What is the most important step in financial planning? ›

1. Setting financial goals. You can't make a financial plan until you know what you want to accomplish with your money—so whether you're creating it yourself or working with a professional, your plan should start with a list of your goals, both big and small, and the time horizons to accomplish them.

What is the smart thing that you can do for your money? ›

Create a Spending Plan & Budget

If you are spending more than you earn, you will never get ahead—in fact, it's a sure sign that your finances are headed for trouble. The best way to make sure that your income is greater than your expenses is to track your expenses for a month or two and then create a budget.

What are the three S's for financial planning? ›

The Three S's
  • Saving. The methods for teaching money lessons have certainly changed. ...
  • Spending. A budget is an important financial tool that can teach children how to manage money responsibly. ...
  • Sharing.
Nov 18, 2022

Which is not a key to saving money? ›

To have a negative savings rate means spending more money than you make and acquiring debt. The key to saving money is to: focus, make saving a habit and a priority, and discipline. Your income is not a key to saving money.

What is the 10 rule in personal finance? ›

The 10% rule is straightforward: it recommends that you put 10% of your income toward savings and investments ahead of other expenses or goals. That way, you can make sure you keep savings and build a strong base for your long-term financial security.

What are the 6 parts of a financial plan? ›

Six Areas of Financial Planning
  • Cash reserve levels.
  • Cash reserve strategies.
  • Debt management.
  • Cash flow management.
  • Net worth.
  • Discretionary income.
  • Expected large inflow/outflow.
  • Lines of credit.

What are the six key components of a financial plan? ›

Conclusion. In conclusion, a financial plan is essential for freelancers to ensure they can meet their financial goals and protect their assets and income. The six components of a financial plan include tracking income and expenses, budgeting, saving and investing, insurance, and retirement planning.

How do I set myself up for life financially? ›

  1. Choose Carefully.
  2. Invest In Yourself.
  3. Plan Your Spending.
  4. Save, Save More, and. Keep Saving.
  5. Put Yourself on a Budget.
  6. Learn to Invest.
  7. Credit Can Be Your Friend. or Enemy.
  8. Nothing is Ever Free.

What should a personal financial plan have? ›

A financial plan documents an individual's short- and long-term financial goals and includes a strategy to achieve them. The plan should be comprehensive and highly customized. It should reflect an individual's personal and family financial needs, investment risk tolerance, and plan for saving and investing.

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